Author: Mr. Vivek Srivatsa, Chief Commercial Officer, Tata Passenger Electric Mobility

India’s car market is vibrant, as diverse ambitions harmonise with diverse necessities. In FY25, the industry
hit a milestone by dispatching an estimated 4.34 million vehicles domestically, highlighting a 2% rise from
the 4.22 million units sold in FY24. India’s car market is booming, and it’s not just about more people
buying vehicles, but rather how the market juggles four different powertrains: petrol, diesel, CNG, and
electric. Unlike many global markets racing toward full electrification, India’s landscape demands a more
nuanced approach. With varied terrains, economic disparities, and infrastructural gaps, it is practically
impossible for a single fuel type to dominate the market. Instead, these powertrains coexist, each
addressing specific consumer needs while aligning with the country’s broader goals.

The Role of Hatchbacks in a Multi-Powertrain Market

Hatchbacks are the cornerstone of India’s entry-level car segment, cherished for their compact size,
affordability, and fuel efficiency. They resonate with first-time buyers, from urban commuters navigating
crowded streets to rural families seeking reliable transport. The genius of offering multiple
powertrains—such as petrol, diesel, CNG, and electric—within a single model lies in its inclusivity. This
strategy allows automakers to cater to diverse demographics, ensuring that cost-conscious city dwellers and
fuel-reliant rural drivers alike find a suitable option, broadening market appeal.

This flexibility strengthens automakers’ resilience in a shifting landscape. By providing varied powertrain
options, manufacturers can adapt to evolving consumer preferences, fuel price fluctuations, and tightening
regulations. Hatchbacks, with their multi-powertrain offerings, not only make car ownership accessible but
also future-proof the industry against uncertainties. This approach underscores the market’s commitment to
inclusivity, ensuring that mobility remains within reach for millions across India’s economic and geographic
spectrum, solidifying hatchbacks as a vital pillar of the automotive ecosystem.

Addressing Income Diversity and Price Sensitivity

India’s car buyers reflect a broad economic spectrum, from rural families to urban professionals, all
prioritizing total cost of ownership—like purchase price, fuel, and maintenance. CNG stands out for its low
running costs, making it a top choice for budget-conscious urban commuters. Factory-fitted CNG vehicles are
surging in popularity, particularly among middle-class buyers who value affordability and eco-friendliness.
Petrol, with its lower upfront costs and widespread availability, remains a staple, especially in areas
where alternative fuels are scarce, offering flexibility for diverse driving needs.

Diesel, though declining due to stringent emission norms, still serves high-mileage drivers in semi-urban and
commercial sectors, where durability and fuel efficiency matter. Electric vehicles, supported by subsidies
and promising long-term savings, appeal to tech-savvy urbanites but face challenges in rural areas due to
limited charging infrastructure. This diverse powertrain mix ensures every buyer finds a vehicle that fits
their budget and lifestyle, balancing immediate affordability with long-term value and addressing India’s
unique economic and geographic realities.

Environmental Commitments Shaping the Future

India’s environmental goals are reshaping the automotive landscape. Commitments made at COP26 to cut carbon
intensity and boost clean energy by 2030 have set the stage for cleaner powertrains. Stricter BS6 norms have
pushed automakers to refine combustion technologies, while government initiatives like FAME II and
state-level EV subsidies are accelerating electric mobility. Charging infrastructure is growing, though
rural areas lag behind urban centers. CNG serves as a pragmatic bridge—cleaner than traditional fuels and
more accessible than EVs in many regions. Supportive policies, like tax breaks in states such as Gujarat and
Maharashtra, further fuel CNG adoption. Diesel’s role is shrinking as its environmental impact draws
scrutiny, but petrol, CNG, and hybrids remain vital transitional players in India’s sustainability journey.

A Balanced Path Forward

The coexistence of petrol, diesel, CNG, and electric powertrains is not a compromise but a strength. From
economic diversity to varied geography, and evolving environmental priorities, it reflects India’s ability
to adapt to its complex realities. By offering a spectrum of powertrains, the industry ensures mobility
remains inclusive, affordable, and sustainable. This approach not only meets today’s demands but also paves
the way for a future where innovation and pragmatism go hand in hand, steering India toward a cleaner and
more accessible automotive landscape.

Published: 05 July 2025 | Autocar Professional

Author: Sven Patuschka, CTO, Tata Motors Passenger and Electric Vehicles

In the last decade, the automotive industry has witnessed rapid advancements, heralding a paradigm shift where traditional button-operated vehicles have metamorphosed into smart, intelligent, networked entities – aptly termed as ‘Software on Wheels’. While the importance of material science and mechanical engineering persists, the role of electronics and software has become central to driving user experience (UX) advancements in the mobility industry. Enhancing UX entails optimising every touchpoint within the vehicle, from intuitive interfaces to seamless feature integration, and providing the adaptability to meet future consumer needs and expectations, with the ultimate aim of consistently delighting users, influencing their purchasing choices, and shaping the mobility landscape of tomorrow.

Embracing Advanced Technologies
Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are strategically positioning themselves by embracing advanced technologies. By focusing on connectivity, and investing in research and development (R&D), they are capitalising on emerging growth opportunities in the automotive sector.

Shift in Consumer Preference
Indian car buyers, especially among the younger cohort, exhibit a noticeable shift in preferences. A global survey indicates that features like connectivity and safety now take precedence over traditional considerations like fuel efficiency and cost. GenZ Indians, constituting a significant 25% of the population, favour vehicles that align with their tech-savvy lifestyles. Advanced features such as the connected car ecosystem, in-car entertainment systems, EV technologies, and advanced driver assistance systems, are becoming increasingly important. With young consumers emphasizing health, connectivity and sustainability, the automotive industry is evolving to align with these new preferences, marking a new era in car-buying habits.

Driving Digital India
India’s automotive sector mirrors the country’s broader digital transformation, aligning with the government’s Digital India initiative. As India embraces digital technologies to enhance citizens’ lives and drive economic growth, the automotive industry is evolving to meet changing consumer preferences. Cars are no longer mere modes of transportation; they are becoming intelligent, connected, and a lifestyle choice. Leveraging sensor data and AI algorithms, vehicles are becoming safer, more efficient, and more comfortable, offering advanced mobility solutions. This technological integration enhances the driving experience and underscores India’s commitment to digital inclusion and a technologically advanced future.

Vehicle-Centric to User-Centric Design
The automotive industry is swiftly shifting from vehicle-centric approach to user-focused design philosophy. Techniques such as user-centred design (UCD), which includes ethnographic research and usability testing, yield valuable insights into user behaviours and preferences. This enables the creation of products that seamlessly integrate into consumers’ lives, from intuitive infotainment systems to personalised mobility solutions. As Software Defined Vehicles (SDVs) gain prominence, prioritising user needs and preferences becomes even more critical, emphasising the necessity for flexibility and adaptability in the ever-evolving automotive landscape.

Government Policies Shaping Automotive Innovation
The Indian government is actively prioritising customer experience in the automotive sector through initiatives like the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020. This plan focuses on adopting technological innovations to reduce carbon emissions, enhance fuel security, and provide affordable, eco-friendly transportation options that align with customer needs.

Through incentives, subsidies, and infrastructure investments, the government promotes the transition to cleaner transportation, resulting in improved customer experiences with efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective mobility solutions. This strategic approach positions India as a leader in creating a smarter transportation ecosystem that addresses evolving customer demands.

Additionally, regulatory changes introduced through the Motor Vehicles Act amendment of 2019 facilitate the testing and deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). These policy measures create an environment conducive to technological innovation that directly benefits customers, paving the way for the integration of cutting-edge technologies and improved user experience in the automotive industry.

In conclusion, as vehicles evolve into smarter, connected entities, prioritizing user-centric designs and harnessing advanced technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) will significantly enhance the automotive user experience. The next generation of Software Defined Vehicles (SDVs) will benefit from this approach. Collaborative efforts among original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), government bodies, and regulatory agencies are crucial for continuous improvement in user experience while upholding stringent safety, security, and sustainability standards. Strategic initiatives, including infrastructure funding, innovative practices like battery swapping, and seamless integration of electric vehicle (EV) infrastructure into urban planning, will pave the way for exceptional mobility experiences for customers.

Published: 21 August 2024 | auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com

Author:Mr. Shailesh Chandra, Managing Director, Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility

India is the world’s fastest growing major economy, with a GDP growth rate of 7%, and is seen as a bright spot for global economic revival¹. India is expected to continue this growth momentum to become the 3rd largest economy, with over $5 trillion GDP in the next 3-4 years². India’s 1.4 billion population has a median age of around 28 years, creating a unique demographic bounty that can drive both consumption and production, and become the world’s engine for growth. India’s growing prominence in the global stage was also evident in the historic 2023 G20 Presidency, where India played a key role in setting the agenda for this decade, particularly in combating global climate change.

In the aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic, there has been renewed focus on the need to address global climate change. Carbon dioxide emissions are the primary cause of rising atmospheric temperatures, resulting in global climate change. Studied by the US EPA show that 65% of global carbon dioxide emissions result from the combustion of fossil fuels³. As a result, most major nations have declared “Net Zero” emissions target dates and have enacted regulations to promote or mandate zero emissions technologies, particularly in the transportation and energy sector. The recently concluded COP28 in Dubai also raised a historic call to “transition away from fossil fuels⁴, as an imperative for achieving net zero emissions by 2050. It would not be an overstatement to say that accelerating the transition to zero emissions technologies will be a primary theme around the world for the next 5 years.

The drive to zero-emissions is strongly supported by the Government of India. The Prime Minister had made a historic commitment at the COP26 summit to reduce India’s carbon intensity by 45% by 2030 and reach net zero by 2070⁵. Currently, India has very low per capita carbon emissions, driven by low penetration of energy-intensive goods and vehicles. With a fast-growing economy and a growing aspirational middle class, there will be growing affordability for goods and services. For example, over the next 5 years, India will see an addition of over 20 million cars & trucks and over 80 million two-wheelers. Incremental emissions from these vehicles would pose a significant challenge if they were all fossil fueled. In addition, crude oil imports account for 60% of India’s current account deficit, and fossil fuel growth will have an impact on India’s growth.

According to global studies, EVs have zero tailpipe emissions and the lowest lifecycle carbon emissions across all available automotive powertrain technologies⁶. With India’s solar power capacity expected to quadruple to 293 GW by 2030⁷, lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of EVs are projected to be 30%-63% lower than their gasoline counterparts⁸. With innovative solutions such as solar rooftops, and open access renewable power for charging stations, EV usage can become completely carbon neutral as this ecosystem develops. Therefore, the agenda for the next 5 years would be to focus on accelerating the adoption of EVs.

Over the last 4 years, India has a rapidly grown an EV market, with over 2 million electric 2 wheelers , 3 wheelers and cars currently on Indian roads. There is a strong aspiration for EVs in select pockets of India, with 70% of tier-one Indian car customers contemplating electric cars for their next vehicle, surpassing the global average of 52%⁹. The central government has implemented a strong set of initiatives for the promotion of EVs, through GST reduction, FAME II incentives, and PLI schemes. State governments have also supported with road tax and registration waivers, and by establishing charging infrastructure through Discoms. However, given India’s late start in EVs, EV penetration is still only about 2% in cars, and about 5% in 2Ws, and EVs are just entering mainstream adoption.

By 2029, India should target for 25-30% adoption of EVs across categories, which would mean an annual demand of 1.5-2 million cars and 4-5 million 2 wheelers. Developing a local supply chain for EVs would create a scale manufacturing base in India, which could become a global export hub as well. The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship estimates that the EV industry can create 1 crore direct jobs and 5 crore indirect jobs by 2030¹⁰. In addition, India will generate valuable intellectual property in EVs and components, which can trigger a wave of innovation and seed new industries in the country.

The path to 30% EV penetration in new vehicle sales requires significant mainstream adoption of EVs. Customer studies indicate that awareness and accessibility of charging infrastructure is the primary hurdle for EV adoption¹¹. While 90+% of current EV owners charge at home in their own private parking space, not all vehicle owners in India have their own covered, private parking space. Mass deployment of chargers across residential and commercial buildings, to ensure that at least 10% of parking lots are electrified will drive greater consumer confidence in charging availability and accessibility. The government, municipalities, property owners, charge point operators and OEMs should come together to drive this growth over the next few years.

In addition, there is also a need for creating greater awareness of EVs among customers and policymakers. While EV prices will reach parity with ICE vehicles over the next several years, myth busting is necessary to allay unfounded concerns, and drive mainstream adoption of EVs. Government, OEMs, media and EV owners should collaborate to drive this over the next few years. In addition, EV adoption should become a key aspect of sustainability strategies of all major corporates.

In summary, transitioning to zero emissions technologies to combat climate change is a global imperative over the next 5 years. By focusing on accelerating EV adoption in India, India can become a global leader in the fight against climate change. In the process, India can also become a global hub for

¹https://www.livemint.com/news/

² https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/

³https://www.epa.gov/

⁴https://www.reuters.com/business/

⁵ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-59125143

⁶https://climate.mit.edu/

⁷ https://cea.nic.in/

⁸https://theicct.org/publication/

⁹https://www.ndtvprofit.com/

¹⁰https://induslaw.com/

¹¹ https://www.mckinsey.com/

Published: 18 February, 2024 | Business Today

Author: Mr. Ajay Jain, Head, India Studio & Global Design Strategy, Tata Motors.

Technological advancements have impacted both the complexity of the product and the artistic process of creation. This has made car design a specialised, multi-disciplinary profession. We’ve enhanced a tradition of artistry, draughtsmanship, and craftsmanship with the universal adoption of digital tools for visualisation and design realisation. Now we are on the cusp of another revolution where artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality, and immersive hardware technologies are yet again upgrading the way we shape the future. Adding yet more layers of complexity and expertise to the established disciplines, these new technologies are enabling designers to create more sophisticated and realistic visualisations, as well as providing new opportunities for collaboration and experimentation. The design process is becoming more dynamic, collaborative, and iterative, allowing for greater innovation and creativity. 

Car design is no longer styling to make a future shape but more a discourse about shaping the future of mobility. It is a multi-disciplinary activity that involves considering all aspects of the product experience to create a cohesive and compelling brand image that leaves an indelible impression in the hearts and minds of people. There is no single thread or trend to follow; every brand and designer carves their own trajectory, making for a very exciting, creative, and innovative future of transportation design. 

As automobile designers, we are the artists crafting not just vehicles but also the future of mobility. In the ever-evolving landscape of automotive Design, the imperative to prioritise sustainability has become more pronounced than ever before. We are at the intersection of creativity and responsibility, tasked with charting a course towards a future where zero emissions are not just an aspiration but a design philosophy. This future faces an urgent challenge: achieving “Road to Zero,” a transportation system with net-zero emissions.

This represents not only an environmental imperative but also an opportunity to redefine the entire design space, pushing the boundaries of creativity and responsibility. The traditional approach of solely focusing on the vehicle itself is no longer sufficient. We must adopt a holistic, cradle-to-grave perspective, considering the entire lifecycle of a car, which we approach through two key strategies. The first entails creating timeless designs that prioritise quality over trends, ensuring our cars age gracefully. The second strategy, known as “New Forever,” inspired by the concept of over-the-air updates in electronic devices, involves continually updating and enhancing the car’s features, performance, materials, and electronics throughout its lifespan. As we delve into the multifaceted aspects of sustainable automotive Design, we acknowledge the power of collaboration, innovation, and inspiration in guiding the path towards zero emissions, where our designs transcend individual vehicles to contribute to a cleaner, healthier world for generations to come.

The first cornerstone in our quest for sustainability lies in the materials we choose. Sustainable design demands a departure from conventional choices, urging us to explore innovative, eco-friendly materials that leave a minimal environmental footprint. For example, bio-based plastics are made from renewable resources and can be recycled, reducing the reliance on fossil fuels, and minimising environmental impact. As designers, we recognise that our responsibility goes beyond mere aesthetics. It encompasses a careful consideration of materials and the most appropriate manufacturing processes to achieve a higher level of perceived quality and a premium experience. This approach leads us to design manufacturing processes that are not only efficient but also consume less energy.  Furthermore, in response to changing market demands and emerging business models, we collaborate closely with product lines and business strategy heads to design vehicles tailored specifically for new service and ownership models.

Efficient energy use is pivotal in our pursuit of zero emissions. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, such as lightweight materials and energy-efficient propulsion systems, forms the backbone of sustainable automotive design. By embracing advancements in battery technology and optimising energy consumption, we strive to enhance the efficiency of our vehicles, ultimately paving the way for a more sustainable driving experience.

Our commitment to sustainability extends beyond the showroom floor. Life-cycle design thinking is a critical aspect of our approach, focusing on the entire lifespan of a vehicle. From manufacturing processes to end-of-life recycling, every phase is meticulously examined for its environmental impact. Designing for longevity and ease of recyclability ensures that our vehicles contribute to a circular economy, minimising waste, and maximising resource efficiency.

The road to zero emissions is not solely paved with technological advancements; it also involves a fundamental shift in design philosophy. Human-centric design places the user at the forefront, emphasising simplicity, functionality, and the seamless integration of sustainable features into the driving experience. From intuitive user interfaces to ergonomic interiors, our goal is to create vehicles that not only benefit the planet but also enhance the lives of those who inhabit it.

The journey towards sustainability is not one that can be traversed in isolation. Collaboration with like-minded partners, researchers, and stakeholders is paramount. By fostering a culture of innovation and openness to new ideas, we can collectively push the boundaries of sustainable design. Continuous research, development, and collaboration serve as the driving forces behind our commitment to creating a greener, more sustainable automotive future.

In the realm of automotive Design, the pursuit of sustainability is not merely a choice; it is an imperative that defines our responsibility towards the planet and its inhabitants. As designers, we are acutely aware of the profound impact our design choices can have on the environment. The road to zero emissions is challenging, but through innovative materials, energy-efficient technologies, life-cycle design thinking, human-centric Design, and collaborative efforts, we pave the way towards a sustainable future—one where our designs echo a commitment to the planet without compromising on performance or aesthetics. This is our vision, and this is the path we tread as stewards of a greener, more sustainable tomorrow.

Ref Links:

https://www.abc.net.au/

https://bwautoworld.businessworld.in

https://www.circularinnovationlab.com/post/

https://www3.weforum.org/

https://www.innovationnewsnetwork.com/

Published: 14 February, 2024 | timesofindia.indiatimes.com

Author: Mr. Balaje Rajan, Chief Strategy Officer, Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility.

EV Adoption – Need of the Hour

The transportation sector accounts for 14% of India’s CO2 emissions, and 90% of emissions and energy consumption from transportation are attributed to vehicles.^{1 2}According to the Centre for Science & Environment, vehicles contribute to 17% of overall air pollution in Delhi. It is therefore an imperative to address vehicular emissions, especially in a fast-developing country such as India, where vehicles will continue to grow with rising affluence and growing aspirations of Indians.

There is a global consensus that EVs offer the most optimal solution to combat vehicular emissions, thanks to zero tailpipe emissions, and highly-efficient conversion of grid power. With a rapidly increasing share of renewable energy in India’s grid, EVs indicate a roadmap towards net zero mobility. Therefore, accelerating the shift to EVs is an imperative for India.

Charging Infrastructure – Critical Enabler

India stands as one of the most rapidly expanding EV markets today with, with a total EV adoption of 28 lakh vehicles, encompassing 2-wheelers, 3-wheelers, cars, and electric buses³ across the country. Over one lakh EV cars and SUVs were purchased in the last 18 months alone, with 75% of EV owners using their vehicles as a primary mode of transport, with the average EV being driven 26 days a month.

There are EVs plying across all states in India but they still account for less than 2% of new car sales. The Government has set an audacious target to transition 30% of new car sales to EVs by 2030, which implies ~20x growth in EV volumes from current levels. Case studies from across the world show that ubiquitous and convenient charging infrastructure is a prerequisite for driving EV adoption. Conversely, growth in charging infrastructure results in an exponential growth in EV adoption. Therefore, as India strides boldly into the era of electric vehicles (EVs), accelerating the growth of charging infrastructure becomes a critical imperative.

Charging Patterns – Home is where the charging happens

Understanding how people charge their EVs is crucial for developing an optimal charging network. Telematics data retrieved from Tata EVs show that 93% of EV charging occurs at home and primarily overnight, which aligns well with people’s daily routines. This statistic also highlights that early EV adoption in India was primarily driven by individuals with dedicated parking spaces at home, who enjoy the convenience of charging at home. Deeper adoption of EVs in line with reaching 30% EV penetration requires solutions also for those EV intenders without dedicated, covered parking at home. This includes renters who would not easily get permissions from landlords to install chargers in their parking spaces.

Community Chargers: The Game-Changer

As India’s EV adoption grows to 30%, it will become an imperative for apartment communities/ Residents Welfare Associations (RWAs) in major cities to take the lead to set up common chargers for use by their residents. These “Community Chargers,” installed in common parking spaces within RWA premises, allow any resident to seamlessly charge and pay using an app or an RFID. A single Community Charger in an RWA can serve up to 5 EVs, as most EVs will only need to charge 1-2 times a week.

Community Chargers will save significant wiring costs for RWAs and residents. In addition, the installation of a Community Charger can come at no cost to the RWA, as several Charge Point Operators (CPOs) are happy to install Community Chargers without seeking any chargers from the RWA, as they can earn from the charging tariff set on the Community Chargers. In addition, if the RWA so desires, Community Chargers can also become a source of revenue for the RWA through service fees/ revenue sharing on charging tariff.

For real estate developers, enabling Community Charging in new buildings will make them EV ready, and open the building up to a range of highly sophisticated and modern EV buyers.

Community Chargers are also convenient and beneficial to EV owners. For example, Community Chargers in many cities are permitted to have their own electricity meter, which would make power available at concessional EV charging tariff, which is often lower than the domestic tariff paid by EV owners. In addition, renters and EV intenders with open/ stacked parking can leverage the Community Chargers in their RWA premises, and thus can go EV without worrying about charging at home. Finally, with a Community Charger installed on campus, residents can choose to buy an EV without wondering if their RWA would approve/ object to the installation of chargers in parking lots.

Thus, Community Chargers offer a win-win-win solution for all stakeholders in the EV ecosystem.

Catalyzing Change: Community Chargers as Transformers

Community Charging emerges as a practical solution to driving EV adoption, by bringing scalable, convenient charging infra right to an EV intender’s doorstep. The journey from less than 2% EV adoption to 30% this decade requires collaborative ecosystem efforts, with Community Charging at the forefront of this transformative shift. RWAs, building developers, and CPOs should come together to drive Community Chargers to pave the way for the next wave of exponential growth of EVs in India, and thus contribute significantly to reducing emissions in India.

¹NITI.gov.in

² Climate Action Tracker

³EV Ready India

Published: 10 January, 2024 | autocarpro.in

Author: Mr. Balaje Rajan, Chief Strategy Officer, Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility.

An EV revolution is sweeping through India – India is only the 4th country in the world after China, USA and Germany to have more than 2 million battery electric vehicles on the road , including 2 wheelers and 4 wheelers. In 4 wheelers, India is looking at a total industry volume of over 100,000 EVs in FY24 – 10x+ jump from just 3 years ago. The government’s clear intent to leverage EVs to address urban pollution, drive towards net zero, and enable India to become a global EV manufacturing hub, has created a strong momentum towards EVs across the entire auto industry. Indian car buyers have also emerged as among the most positively disposed towards EVs in the world, with a whopping 70% of tier-1 car buyers willing to consider EVs as their next car. In short, India is now a global hotspot for EV adoption.

Charging infrastructure in India has also grown significantly over the last 3 years. It might surprise most Indians to know that EV chargers already outnumber CNG stations in the country. In fact, India has over 7,000 public chargers versus approximately 6,000 CNG stations in the country as of November 2023¹. Charging infra is also widespread – 85% of national highways have at least one charger in a 100 km stretch, and in most metros, there is an 80% probability of finding a charger within a 4 km radius. In addition to public chargers, there are nearly 70,000 private home chargers, serving 90+% of EV charging requirements. It is no wonder that 75% of our EV owners use their EVs as their primary car, and several enthusiastic EV owners have already done cross-country trips that few even attempt with ICE vehicles! That said, it is also a fact that charging infra in India should further evolve to meet the needs of the median auto buyer.

Though nascent, India’s charging infra ecosystem is vibrant with dozens of Charge Point Operators (CPOs) – including electricity distribution companies (Discoms), fuel retail companies, global energy players, auto OEMs, and ambitious startups. Combined, these players intend to drive India’s charging infra further multifold to over 22,000 chargers by FY 2024². In this highly competitive market, charging infra players are innovating technology, business models and customer experience to discover competitive edges that would ultimately benefit EV owners.

While robust competition in the charging infra space will unlock great value for EV owners in the medium-term, it constrains charging infra growth and user experience in the near-term as each player hopes to ringfence their own turf. A few symptoms of these near-term constraints include poor discoverability of chargers, complex digital journeys, uneven customer experience, and poor RoI for CPOs. To a neutral party, it would be clear that the current constraints are a direct result of knowledge gaps and limited cross-compatibility within the broader EV ecosystem.

EVs and charging infra have a symbiotic relationship, and it is in the interest of EV players to maximize charging infra growth, and vice versa. In this context, auto OEMs have a collaborative role to play in the development of charging infra, without interfering with the competition between individual charging players. An “open collaboration” approach would bridge knowledge gaps and drive greater compatibility, without affecting competition. Open collaboration would entail sharing of insights that would enable CPOs deploy chargers where the customers are asking for it, and co-development of protocols that make systems compatible for EV owners across the country. Lessons from countries with high EV adoption show that the EV charging infra space will remain fragmented even in the long-run, and thus, this level of compatibility and interoperability are vital for the sustenance of CPOs.

The stakeholders for charging infra also include state governments, municipalities, Residents Welfare Associations of housing societies, owners of large commercial premises, mall operators, parking lot operators, real estate developers and more. Open collaboration can create frameworks for advocacy and drive action across stakeholders, which no individual player alone can manage effectively at the scale that is needed. Thus, open collaboration can also create new opportunities for CPOs and OEMs.

Tata Motors has kick-started a journey of open collaboration with multiple leading CPOs, by sharing insights from over 100k EVs on Indian roads to identify hotspots for charging installation, and by helping create common protocols for discovery and payment processes. All other charging infra players are welcome to join this movement with the intent to grow the EV ecosystem in India, and to accelerate our nation’s path to zero emissions.

In conclusion, charging infra is a critical enabler for the growth of EVs in India, to enable India to reach its potential as a major EV hub. India’s vibrant charging infra ecosystem should come together in the spirit of open collaboration to address existing constraints and accelerate the growth of charging infra in the country. Doing so will accelerate India’s path towards net zero emissions, while creating a thriving EV ecosystem that benefits EV owners, auto OEMs and CPOs alike.

¹https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx

²https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/

Published: 02 January, 2024 | auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com

Author: Mr. Shailesh Chandra, MD, Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd. and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Ltd.

EVs are expected to continue their fast growth journey in 2024, fueled by greater mainstream adoption, introduction of new models, a growing charging ecosystem and continued government support.  The EV industry has nearly doubled in 2023, and despite this high base, is likely to post a 30-40% year-on-year growth in 2024, compared to single digit growth for the passenger vehicle industry as a whole.

The introduction of new models across vehicle body styles, price points and sizes would enable the EV industry to open new customer segments and grow the EV market in India. In addition, the introduction of higher range products in 2024 would address range anxiety and unlock the next wave of EV adoption.

While the journey towards widespread EV adoption has made significant strides, charging infrastructure stands out as a pivotal element influencing the mass adoption of EVs. The last quarter of 2023 saw an emerging consensus around improving charging infrastructure, with collaborative efforts between OEMs and key charging players to expedite the growth of charging stations. The results of this open collaboration would be evident in 2024, as charging infrastructure availability and charging experience undergo a quantum leap to benefit EV owners and intenders.

In the aftermath of the historic COP28, which called for a phasing out of fossil fuels, along with unprecedented air quality crises in some of the key cities in India over the last few months, there has been a renewed focus on accelerating EV adoption. The central government’s commitment to e-mobility has resulted in several supportive policies for EV adoption, and it is expected that policy support will be further strengthened in 2024 to help India become a global EV leader. In addition, some worst-affected states and cities may also look to incentivize EVs to address their own air quality concerns, following the example of Delhi.

In conclusion, the outlook for the EV industry in 2024 is one of growth, collaboration, policy support, and greater adoption.

Published: 01 January, 2024 | The Economic Times

Author: Mr. Anand Kulkarni, Chief Product Officer and Head – High Voltage Programs, Tata Passenger Electric Mobility.

The electric vehicle (EV) sector has witnessed a profound transformation driven by significant technological advancements, propelling rapid growth even amidst the pandemic. By September 2023, EV sales have already breached the 1 million mark, accounting for 6.4% of total automobile sales in India – this is significant considering this milestone took a full year to achieve in CY 2022, compared to the nine months of CY 2023.

Advancements in lithium-ion batteries have made EVs more practical, while over the air (OTA) updates have revolutionised vehicle performance and user experience. Similar to how smartphones evolved, OTA updates have seamlessly integrated into the automotive industry, allowing continuous improvement without physical intervention. This technology, which creates dynamic and ever-improving platforms, is expected to gain even more significance as vehicles become increasingly connected and software-dependent.

The shift toward “software on wheels” is driven by rapid technological advancements, stringent safety regulations, environmental concerns favouring EVs, competitive pressures, and consumer demand for enhanced user experiences. These factors have made software central to vehicles, surpassing older analogue approaches and paving the way for tech-heavy automobiles.

Unlocking New Possibilities:

Traditional vehicle updates involved inconveniences like scheduling appointments, waiting, and leaving vehicles at service centres, often relying on physical recalls. OTA updates have transformed this for EVs. They allow remote enhancements, issue identification, performance fine-tuning, and feature additions, ensuring optimal performance without owner inconvenience. These updates fine-tune the Battery Management System (BMS), improve real-time charging efficiency, and enhance regenerative braking for greater energy efficiency in EVs.

In addition to these benefits, for significant updates for features like Navigation on Autopilot, Smart Summon, enhanced battery and charging, upgrades for the infotainment, and improved safety and performance in EVs, the customer doesn’t need to visit a physical service centre. This not only cuts emissions and fuel consumption but also enhances fuel efficiency and emissions control, aligning with the global push for a greener automotive industry. Automakers are leveraging this format of pushing updates to their vehicles to achieve these reductions in carbon footprint and improve vehicle sustainability.

Customer Experience:

Over the air updates have revolutionised the EV ownership experience, delivering convenience, personalisation, and safety enhancements. Owners no longer require physical visits to service centres, saving valuable time and effort. Automakers utilise these updates to offer extensive customisation options, empowering customers to fine-tune settings such as regenerative braking and climate control for a personalised driving experience. Furthermore, OTA updates bolster safety through the introduction of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) and robust cybersecurity measures, instilling confidence in the EV’s safety and reliability. Importantly, these updates have the ability to retain the value of the car through feature upgrades, unlocking features that were previously unavailable – akin to a mobile phone receiving its regular software updates.

From an automaker’s perspective, OTA updates translate into significant cost savings. They eliminate the need for manual labour by service technicians, streamlining the update process. This approach proves highly effective in addressing frequently occurring and costly issues within subsystems, ensuring optimal vehicle performance and reliability. These factors, when combined, underscore the profound and transformative influence of such updates on the EV industry, leading to greater customer satisfaction and loyalty while delivering an enhanced driving experience.

The Road Ahead for EVs

OTA updates are steering the course for the future of EVs, ushering in a new era of adaptability and intelligence on the road, with innovations that enhance safety, efficiency, and the overall driving experience. Vehicles are no longer just machines, but intricate software ecosystems that receive regular updates, much like smartphones. This transformation is not science fiction but a tangible reality. The convergence of digital and mechanical engineering is redefining vehicles, shifting them from mere machines to adaptive platforms.

This paradigm shift goes beyond traditional automotive roles, with industry reports projecting substantial growth in software and connectivity in vehicles, expected to reach a global market value of over $81.6 billion for software-defined vehicles by 2027. As a result, vehicles are evolving into intelligent and responsive companions for modern drivers.

The future of transportation goes beyond traditional ideas of horsepower and design aesthetics, representing a paradigm shift towards the fusion of technology, data, and over-the-air updates. Digital components seamlessly integrate with traditional automotive engineering, ushering in a new era with challenges and unprecedented opportunities. Software-defined vehicles have evolved from a visionary concept to a tangible reality, reshaping the entire automotive landscape.

Published: 02 December, 2023 | Financial Express

Author: Mr. Martin Uhlarik, Global Head of Design, Tata Motors Ltd.

In the ever-evolving field of automotive design, Electric Vehicles (EVs) bring a compelling mix of challenges and opportunities. Design plays an important role as we embark on a journey to reshape the future of mobility. This shift from conventional internal combustion engines to EVs is more than just a technical alteration; it marks a profound transformation in the automotive industry. This transformation integrates innovation, sustainability, and art and science seamlessly. We’ve moved past the era when vehicles were solely functional. Modern consumers, especially the younger generation, prioritize cars with sleek, contemporary, and aesthetically pleasing designs. This trend reflects an increasing awareness and desire for modern features, innovations, and designs that boldly express their individuality and style.

The Beauty of Purpose-Driven Design:

Electric cars go beyond transportation, driving innovation in eco-friendly vehicle markets. They lead us into the next phase of the automotive industry, where aesthetics is pivotal in shaping its future. Sustainability fuels this change, encouraging a rethink of vehicle proportions, interiors, and aesthetics. Designers now integrate aesthetics with utility and efficiency, epitomizing “form follows function.” Moving away from traditional internal combustion engines grants designers the freedom to think creatively and innovatively.

Embracing Sustainability
Integrating sustainability into the design of EVs is a fundamental and pivotal element in the ongoing transformation of the automotive industry. Designers are committed to creating interiors that offer ample space and comfort while also being environmentally conscious. They achieve this by minimizing unsustainable materials and frequently integrating recycled and eco-friendly alternatives to reduce their environmental impact. Additionally, these vehicles are constructed using lightweight materials and aerodynamic design principles to curtail their carbon footprint. A strong commitment to sustainability is demonstrated through our unwavering adherence to ever-evolving environmental regulations.

An EV symbolizes the duty of design leaders to make decisions that emphasize not just visual attractiveness but also environmental accountability, propelling the industry toward a more sustainable future.

The Elegance of Minimalism
The concept of minimalist design often brings to mind lifestyle products. These products typically have a sleek and simple aesthetic that positions them as premium commodities. While they may be slightly more expensive, this aesthetic appeal is a major contributor to their overall success. Minimalist design focuses on the idea that form follows function, with a deliberate lack of excess. For example, many products have shifted from physical buttons to all-inclusive screens for controlling various functions, all with the goal of creating that uncluttered aesthetic appeal.

EVs are known for their clean and uncluttered appearances, radiating sophistication, and a contemporary feel. Their take on minimalistic design not only boosts visual appeal but also trims down weight, resulting in improved energy efficiency, range, and performance. This simplicity in EV design isn’t restricted to a particular automotive preference; it has a wide-ranging appeal. While it naturally draws in eco-conscious consumers, it also piques the curiosity of a broader audience, particularly tech enthusiasts who value the combination of style and functionality. Minimalism in the design of EVs goes beyond just the way they look. It’s about creating cars that present a neat and well-organized appearance while making the most out of space, minimizing weight, and enhancing functionality. This design approach significantly contributes to making EVs more appealing to a broader range of consumers, extending their attractiveness beyond traditional car enthusiasts and making sustainable transportation more appealing, akin to the purpose of a lifestyle product.

Creating a gadget on wheels

EV interiors are more than traditional transportation spaces. Many EV users often prefer being inside their car while it is charging – which means an added focus for designers to create interiors aimed at increased comfort for both, drivers and passengers.

This impetus leads to the creation of versatile spaces, adapting to occupants’ changing needs and becoming extensions of their lifestyles – a space where not only can a person be entertained, but also comfortably work out of, should the need arise. In essence, designing an EV is akin to crafting a portable, adaptable space that serves as an extension of one’s home or workplace, much like the functionality we carry in our pocket with a smartphone.

The journey of a designer involves not just designing EVs, but also envisioning and shaping the future of EVs in India as industry leaders. It’s a voyage that seamlessly combines the realms of art and science, blending aesthetics with innovation. We wholeheartedly embrace this challenge, united by our belief that we have the power to craft a future of mobility that’s not only sustainable but also truly inspirational. The elements of minimalistic elegance, the perfect harmony of form and function, and our deep commitment to sustainability all serve as critical building blocks in our quest to create EVs that ignite the imagination while safeguarding our planet. And, with the ongoing digital revolution, our design efforts are further amplified, ushering in an exciting era of transportation that revolves around the user and is fuelled by cutting-edge technology.

We find ourselves invigorated to be part of this dynamic phase in electric vehicle design. Our anticipation is fixed on crafting cars that cater not only to present needs but also anticipate the desires of the discerning consumers of tomorrow. Together, we will persist in shaping the future of automotive design, guided by the principles of art and science.

Published: 27 Noveber, 2023 | timesofindia.indiatimes.com